Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
2
Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Economics, Accounting and Management, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
3
Department of Industrial Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
Abstract
Ports, as trade distribution centers and transportation networks, play a significant role in the development of the national economy. Bandar Anzali, with its strategic position in northern Iran, is considered a crucial point for accessing the Eurasian markets. This study aims to formulate entrepreneurial strategies for developing port clusters to promote Bandar Anzali to a third-generation port and integrate it into the global grain value chain. Data were collected through a combination of documentary and field research. Purposeful sampling was used to select 18 industrial, organizational, and academic experts with experience in port clusters and the export of processed grain industries. The qualitative data analysis, using the layered causal analysis method, revealed that the factors influencing entry into the global value chain were categorized into four layers: 10 factors in the tangible layer, 8 factors in the structural and systemic layer, 5 factors in the beliefs and discourse layer, and 4 factors in the symbolic and metaphorical layer. Based on these findings, strategies for transitioning from the current state were proposed, categorized into five key areas: financial-tax, educational-promotional, diplomatic-cultural, infrastructural-technological, and legal-regulatory. The breadth of these strategies indicates that merely providing financial support to businesses is insufficient, and attention must be paid to a broader range of aspects. The proposed approach can assist managers in designing a realistic export vision, especially in the agricultural sector, and prevent the formation of economic rents.
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